Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010

It has been argued that a factor behind the decline in income inequality in Latin America in the 2000s was the educational upgrading of its labor force. Between 1990 and 2010, the proportion of the labor force in the region with at least secondary education increased from 40 to 60 percent. Concurren...

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Autores: Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos, Galiani, Sebastián, Cruces, Guillermo Antonio, Acosta, Pablo A.
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2011
País:Argentina
Recursos:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Repositorio:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/101383
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/11336/101383
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Skill Premia
Supply And Demand of Labor
Income Inequality
Latin America
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.2
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5
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spelling Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010Gasparini, Leonardo CarlosGaliani, SebastiánCruces, Guillermo AntonioAcosta, Pablo A.Skill PremiaSupply And Demand of LaborIncome InequalityLatin Americahttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.2https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5It has been argued that a factor behind the decline in income inequality in Latin America in the 2000s was the educational upgrading of its labor force. Between 1990 and 2010, the proportion of the labor force in the region with at least secondary education increased from 40 to 60 percent. Concurrently, returns to secondary education completion fell throughout the past two decades, while the 2000s saw a reversal in the increase in the returns to tertiary education experienced in the 1990s. This paper studies the evolution of wage differentials and the trends in the supply of workers by educational level for 16 Latin American countries between 1990 and 2000. The analysis estimates the relative contribution of supply and demand factors behind recent trends in skill premia for tertiary and secondary educated workers. Supply-side factors seem to have limited explanatory power relative to demand-side factors, and are only relevant to explain part of the fall in wage premia for high-school graduates. Although there is significant heterogeneity in individual country experiences, on average the trend reversal in labor demand in the 2000s can be partially attributed to the recent boom in commodity prices that could favor the unskilled (non-tertiary educated) workforce, although employment patterns by sector suggest that other within-sector forces are also at play, such as technological diffusion or skill mismatches that may reduce the labor productivity of highly-educated workers.Fil: Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Departamento de Ciencias Económicas. Centro de Estudios Distributivos Laborales y Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Galiani, Sebastián. Washington University in St. Louis; Estados UnidosFil: Cruces, Guillermo Antonio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Departamento de Ciencias Económicas. Centro de Estudios Distributivos Laborales y Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Acosta, Pablo A.. World Bank; Estados UnidosIZA - Institute of Labor Economics2011-12info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/101383Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos; Galiani, Sebastián; Cruces, Guillermo Antonio; Acosta, Pablo A.; Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010; IZA - Institute of Labor Economics; IZA Working Paper Series; 6244; 12-2011; 1-540317-8471CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id=6244info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2024-05-08T14:09:35Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/101383instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982024-05-08 14:09:36.265CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010
title Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010
spellingShingle Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010
Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos
Skill Premia
Supply And Demand of Labor
Income Inequality
Latin America
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.2
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5
title_short Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010
title_full Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010
title_fullStr Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010
title_full_unstemmed Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010
title_sort Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos
Galiani, Sebastián
Cruces, Guillermo Antonio
Acosta, Pablo A.
author Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos
author_facet Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos
Galiani, Sebastián
Cruces, Guillermo Antonio
Acosta, Pablo A.
author_role author
author2 Galiani, Sebastián
Cruces, Guillermo Antonio
Acosta, Pablo A.
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Skill Premia
Supply And Demand of Labor
Income Inequality
Latin America
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.2
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5
topic Skill Premia
Supply And Demand of Labor
Income Inequality
Latin America
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.2
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5
description It has been argued that a factor behind the decline in income inequality in Latin America in the 2000s was the educational upgrading of its labor force. Between 1990 and 2010, the proportion of the labor force in the region with at least secondary education increased from 40 to 60 percent. Concurrently, returns to secondary education completion fell throughout the past two decades, while the 2000s saw a reversal in the increase in the returns to tertiary education experienced in the 1990s. This paper studies the evolution of wage differentials and the trends in the supply of workers by educational level for 16 Latin American countries between 1990 and 2000. The analysis estimates the relative contribution of supply and demand factors behind recent trends in skill premia for tertiary and secondary educated workers. Supply-side factors seem to have limited explanatory power relative to demand-side factors, and are only relevant to explain part of the fall in wage premia for high-school graduates. Although there is significant heterogeneity in individual country experiences, on average the trend reversal in labor demand in the 2000s can be partially attributed to the recent boom in commodity prices that could favor the unskilled (non-tertiary educated) workforce, although employment patterns by sector suggest that other within-sector forces are also at play, such as technological diffusion or skill mismatches that may reduce the labor productivity of highly-educated workers.
publishDate 2011
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2011-12
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/101383
Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos; Galiani, Sebastián; Cruces, Guillermo Antonio; Acosta, Pablo A.; Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010; IZA - Institute of Labor Economics; IZA Working Paper Series; 6244; 12-2011; 1-54
0317-8471
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/101383
identifier_str_mv Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos; Galiani, Sebastián; Cruces, Guillermo Antonio; Acosta, Pablo A.; Educational Upgrading and Returns to Skills in Latin America: Evidence from a Supply-Demand Framework, 1990-2010; IZA - Institute of Labor Economics; IZA Working Paper Series; 6244; 12-2011; 1-54
0317-8471
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id=6244
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv IZA - Institute of Labor Economics
publisher.none.fl_str_mv IZA - Institute of Labor Economics
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 15,811543

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