A novel method of transcriptome interpretation reveals a quantitative suppressive effect on tomato immune signaling by two domains in a single pathogen effector protein
Background: Effector proteins are translocated into host cells by plant-pathogens to undermine pattern-triggeredimmunity (PTI), the plant response to microbe-associated molecular patterns that interferes with the infection process. Individual effectors are found in variable repertoires where some co...
| Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | article |
| Status: | Published version |
| Publication Date: | 2016 |
| Country: | Argentina |
| Institution: | Universidad Nacional de La Plata |
| Repository: | SEDICI (UNLP) |
| Language: | English |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/97056 |
| Online Access: | http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/97056 |
| Access Level: | Open access |
| Keyword: | Ciencias Naturales Biología RNA-Seq Pattern-triggered immunity Plant immunity Type III effectors Pseudomonas syringae |
| Summary: | Background: Effector proteins are translocated into host cells by plant-pathogens to undermine pattern-triggeredimmunity (PTI), the plant response to microbe-associated molecular patterns that interferes with the infection process. Individual effectors are found in variable repertoires where some constituents target the same pathways.The effector protein AvrPto from <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> has a core domain (CD) and C-terminal domain (CTD) that each promotes bacterial growth and virulence in tomato. The individual contributions of each domain and whether they act redundantly is unknown. Results: We use RNA-Seq to elucidate the contribution of the CD and CTD to the suppression of PTI in tomato leaves 6 h after inoculation. Unexpectedly, each domain alters transcript levels of essentially the same genes but to a different degree. This difference, when quantified, reveals that although targeting the same host genes, the two domains act synergistically. AvrPto has a relatively greater effect on genes whose expression is suppressed during PTI, and the effect on these genes appears to be diminished by saturation. Conclusions: RNA-Seq profiles can be used to observe relative contributions of effector subdomains to PTI suppression. Our analysis shows the CD and CTD multiplicatively affect the same gene transcript levels with a greater relative impact on genes whose expression is suppressed during PTI. The higher degree of up-regulation versus down-regulation during PTI is plausibly an evolutionary adaptation against effectors that target immune signaling |
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