The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumen

First described in 1843, Rumen protozoa with their striking appearance were assumed to be important for the welfare of their host. However, despite contributing up to 50% of the bio-mass in the rumen, the role of protozoa in rumen microbial ecosystem remains unclear. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDN...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Newbold, C. Jamie, de la Fuente Oliver, Gabriel, Belanche, A., Ramos-Morales, Eva, McEwan, Neil
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:España
Recursos:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/49075
Acesso em linha:https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01313
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49075
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:rumen protozoa
Rumen
Remugants
Protozous
Ruminants
Protozoa
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spelling The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumenNewbold, C. Jamiede la Fuente Oliver, GabrielBelanche, A.Ramos-Morales, EvaMcEwan, Neilrumen protozoaRumenRemugantsProtozousRuminantsProtozoaFirst described in 1843, Rumen protozoa with their striking appearance were assumed to be important for the welfare of their host. However, despite contributing up to 50% of the bio-mass in the rumen, the role of protozoa in rumen microbial ecosystem remains unclear. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA libraries generated from the rumen of cattle, sheep, and goats has revealed an unexpected diversity of ciliated protozoa although variation in gene copy number between species makes it difficult to obtain absolute quantification. Despite repeated attempts it has proven impossible to maintain rumen protozoa in axenic culture. Thus it has been difficult to establish conclusively a role of ciliate protozoa in rumen fibre degradation. The development of techniques to clone and express ciliate genes in  phage, together with bioinformatic indices to confirm the ciliate origin of the genes has allowed the isolation and characterisation of fibrolytic genes from rumen protozoa. Elimination of the ciliate protozoa increases microbial protein supply by up to 30% and reduces methane production by up to 11%. Our recent findings suggest that holotrich protozoa play a disproportionate role in supporting methanogenesis whilst the small entodiniium are responsible for much of the bacterial protein turnover. As yet no method to control protozoa in the rumen that is safe and practically applicable has been developed, however a range of plant extract capable of controlling if not completely eliminating rumen protozoa have been described.Frontiers2015201520152015info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01313http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49075http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49075reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01313Frontiers In Microbiology, 2015, Vol.6, a1313cc-by, (c) Newbold et al., 2015info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/490752026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumen
title The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumen
spellingShingle The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumen
Newbold, C. Jamie
rumen protozoa
Rumen
Remugants
Protozous
Ruminants
Protozoa
title_short The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumen
title_full The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumen
title_fullStr The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumen
title_full_unstemmed The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumen
title_sort The role of ciliate protozoa in the rumen
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Newbold, C. Jamie
de la Fuente Oliver, Gabriel
Belanche, A.
Ramos-Morales, Eva
McEwan, Neil
author Newbold, C. Jamie
author_facet Newbold, C. Jamie
de la Fuente Oliver, Gabriel
Belanche, A.
Ramos-Morales, Eva
McEwan, Neil
author_role author
author2 de la Fuente Oliver, Gabriel
Belanche, A.
Ramos-Morales, Eva
McEwan, Neil
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv rumen protozoa
Rumen
Remugants
Protozous
Ruminants
Protozoa
topic rumen protozoa
Rumen
Remugants
Protozous
Ruminants
Protozoa
description First described in 1843, Rumen protozoa with their striking appearance were assumed to be important for the welfare of their host. However, despite contributing up to 50% of the bio-mass in the rumen, the role of protozoa in rumen microbial ecosystem remains unclear. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA libraries generated from the rumen of cattle, sheep, and goats has revealed an unexpected diversity of ciliated protozoa although variation in gene copy number between species makes it difficult to obtain absolute quantification. Despite repeated attempts it has proven impossible to maintain rumen protozoa in axenic culture. Thus it has been difficult to establish conclusively a role of ciliate protozoa in rumen fibre degradation. The development of techniques to clone and express ciliate genes in  phage, together with bioinformatic indices to confirm the ciliate origin of the genes has allowed the isolation and characterisation of fibrolytic genes from rumen protozoa. Elimination of the ciliate protozoa increases microbial protein supply by up to 30% and reduces methane production by up to 11%. Our recent findings suggest that holotrich protozoa play a disproportionate role in supporting methanogenesis whilst the small entodiniium are responsible for much of the bacterial protein turnover. As yet no method to control protozoa in the rumen that is safe and practically applicable has been developed, however a range of plant extract capable of controlling if not completely eliminating rumen protozoa have been described.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015
2015
2015
2015
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01313
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49075
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49075
url https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01313
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/49075
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01313
Frontiers In Microbiology, 2015, Vol.6, a1313
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by, (c) Newbold et al., 2015
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by, (c) Newbold et al., 2015
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
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