Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation study

Research Highlights: Pre-programmed cell death in old Aleppo pine needles leads to low moisture contents in the forest canopy in July, the time when fire activity nears its peak in the Western Mediterranean Basin. Here, we show, for the first time, that such needle senescence may increase fire behav...

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Autores: Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo, Díaz-Sierra, Rubén, Madrigal, Javier, Voltas Velasco, Jordi, Resco de Dios, Víctor
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/69984
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101054
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/69984
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Fire behavior
Crown fire
Fire modeling
Senescence
Foliar moisture content
Canopy bulk density
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spelling Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation studyBalaguer-Romano, RodrigoDíaz-Sierra, RubénMadrigal, JavierVoltas Velasco, JordiResco de Dios, VíctorFire behaviorCrown fireFire modelingSenescenceFoliar moisture contentCanopy bulk densityResearch Highlights: Pre-programmed cell death in old Aleppo pine needles leads to low moisture contents in the forest canopy in July, the time when fire activity nears its peak in the Western Mediterranean Basin. Here, we show, for the first time, that such needle senescence may increase fire behavior and thus is a potential mechanism explaining why the bulk of the annual burned area in the region occurs in early summer. Background and Objectives: The brunt of the fire season in the Western Mediterranean Basin occurs at the beginning of July, when live fuel moisture content is near its maximum. Here, we test whether a potential explanation to this conundrum lies in Aleppo pine needle senescence, a result of pre-programmed cell death in 3-years-old needles, which typically occurs in the weeks preceding the peak in the burned area. Our objective was to simulate the effects of needle senescence on fire behavior. Materials and Methods: We simulated the effects of needle senescence on canopy moisture and structure. Fire behavior was simulated across different phenological scenarios and for two highly contrasting Aleppo pine stand structures, a forest, and a shrubland. Wildfire behavior simulations were done with BehavePlus6 across a wide range of wind speeds and of dead fine surface fuel moistures. Results: The transition from surface to passive crown fire occurred at lower wind speeds under simulated needle senescence in the forest and in the shrubland. Transitions to active crown fire only occurred in the shrubland under needle senescence. Maximum fire intensity and severity were always recorded in the needle senescence scenario. Conclusions: Aleppo pine needle senescence may enhance the probability of crown fire development at the onset of the fire season, and it could partly explain the concentration of fire activity in early July in the Western Mediterranean Basin.We acknowledge funding from the Natural Science Foundation in China (31850410483), the talent proposals from Sichuan Province (2020JDRC0065), the Southwest University of Science and Technology talents fund and the Spanish MICINN (AGL2015-69151-R). R.B.-R. acknowledges the Community of Madrid for the predoctoral contract PEJD-2019-PRE/AMB-15644 funded by the Youth Employment Initiative (YEI).MDPI2020202020202020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.3390/f11101054http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/69984http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/69984reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2015-69151-RReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101054Forests, 2020, vol. 11, num. 10, p. 1054MINECO/PN2013-2016/AGL2015-69151-Rcc-by (c) Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo et al., 2020info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/699842026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation study
title Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation study
spellingShingle Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation study
Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo
Fire behavior
Crown fire
Fire modeling
Senescence
Foliar moisture content
Canopy bulk density
title_short Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation study
title_full Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation study
title_fullStr Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation study
title_full_unstemmed Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation study
title_sort Needle senescence affects fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands: a simulation study
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo
Díaz-Sierra, Rubén
Madrigal, Javier
Voltas Velasco, Jordi
Resco de Dios, Víctor
author Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo
author_facet Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo
Díaz-Sierra, Rubén
Madrigal, Javier
Voltas Velasco, Jordi
Resco de Dios, Víctor
author_role author
author2 Díaz-Sierra, Rubén
Madrigal, Javier
Voltas Velasco, Jordi
Resco de Dios, Víctor
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Fire behavior
Crown fire
Fire modeling
Senescence
Foliar moisture content
Canopy bulk density
topic Fire behavior
Crown fire
Fire modeling
Senescence
Foliar moisture content
Canopy bulk density
description Research Highlights: Pre-programmed cell death in old Aleppo pine needles leads to low moisture contents in the forest canopy in July, the time when fire activity nears its peak in the Western Mediterranean Basin. Here, we show, for the first time, that such needle senescence may increase fire behavior and thus is a potential mechanism explaining why the bulk of the annual burned area in the region occurs in early summer. Background and Objectives: The brunt of the fire season in the Western Mediterranean Basin occurs at the beginning of July, when live fuel moisture content is near its maximum. Here, we test whether a potential explanation to this conundrum lies in Aleppo pine needle senescence, a result of pre-programmed cell death in 3-years-old needles, which typically occurs in the weeks preceding the peak in the burned area. Our objective was to simulate the effects of needle senescence on fire behavior. Materials and Methods: We simulated the effects of needle senescence on canopy moisture and structure. Fire behavior was simulated across different phenological scenarios and for two highly contrasting Aleppo pine stand structures, a forest, and a shrubland. Wildfire behavior simulations were done with BehavePlus6 across a wide range of wind speeds and of dead fine surface fuel moistures. Results: The transition from surface to passive crown fire occurred at lower wind speeds under simulated needle senescence in the forest and in the shrubland. Transitions to active crown fire only occurred in the shrubland under needle senescence. Maximum fire intensity and severity were always recorded in the needle senescence scenario. Conclusions: Aleppo pine needle senescence may enhance the probability of crown fire development at the onset of the fire season, and it could partly explain the concentration of fire activity in early July in the Western Mediterranean Basin.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2020
2020
2020
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101054
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/69984
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/69984
url https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101054
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/69984
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2015-69151-R
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101054
Forests, 2020, vol. 11, num. 10, p. 1054
MINECO/PN2013-2016/AGL2015-69151-R
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo et al., 2020
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo et al., 2020
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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