The role of melanin in the grapevine trunk disease pathogen Lasiodiplodia gilanensis
Lasiodiplodia (Botryosphaeriaceae) includes fungi that are considered among the most aggressive to grapevine, capable of causing cankers and necrotic lesions which eventually lead to death of host plants. A common characteristic of this genus is the presence of melanin in conidia and mycelium. Melan...
| Autores: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2020 |
| País: | Argentina |
| Institución: | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria |
| Repositorio: | INTA Digital (INTA) |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:localhost:20.500.12123/9129 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/9129 https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/11685 https://doi.org/10.14601/Phyto-11685 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Melanins Grapevines Plant Diseases Fungal Diseases Tyrosine Catabolism Trunks Melaninas Vid Enfermedades de las Plantas Botryosphaeria Enfermedades Fungosas Tirosina Catabolismo Tronco Lasiodiplodia Gilanensis Botryosphaeria Dieback |
| Sumario: | Lasiodiplodia (Botryosphaeriaceae) includes fungi that are considered among the most aggressive to grapevine, capable of causing cankers and necrotic lesions which eventually lead to death of host plants. A common characteristic of this genus is the presence of melanin in conidia and mycelium. Melanin is produced by the oxidation of phenolic and/or indolic compounds. For some fungi, this pigment is an essential factor for pathogenicity. This study characterized the types and the roles of melanin produced by Lasiodiplodia gilanensis. Using specific melanin inhibitors, L. gilanensis was shown to synthesize DOPA-melanin, DHN-melanin, and pyomelanin. DOPA-melanin was shown to be involved in production of aerial mycelium and protection against enzymatic lysis and oxidative stress; DHN-melanin to be involved in ramification of mycelium when exposed to nutrient deficiency; and pyomelanin to be related with hyphae development. The fungus used tyrosine as a precursor of DOPAmelanin and as carbon and nitrogen sources, and produced melanin inside the piths of infected plants. Genes involved in melanin synthesis were conserved among the Botryosphaeriaceae, highlighting the importance of melanin in this family. |
|---|